From 11th to 22nd November, COP29 conference took place in Baku, Azerbaijan. Conference of the Parties (COP) is mainly organised by the United Nations Organisation (UNO), and this was the 29th edition.
The next COP30 is taking place in Belem, Brazil in 2025. This conference started with the intention to spread awareness about climate changes and how can we protect it for our future generation.
Global warming and deforestation are the real challenges. All the countries are trying their best to combat it as soon as possible. This shift will not come overnight. It will come in years.
Goals of COP29
- Developed countries will deliver $300 billion per year till 2035 to the developing countries to conserve the nature.
- Measures for drastic reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
- Protect lives and livelihoods from the deadly impact of climate crisis.
- UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) agreed to fund annually with an overall estimation of $1.3 trillion.
- Switching to low greenhouse gas emission methods in the developing and underdeveloped countries for better quality of life.
Goals for COP30 in 2025
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) working to include 20th session of COP20 where parties signed Kyoto Protocol and also bringing COP7 session’s Paris Agreement on climate crisis. In this session, 63rd sessions of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA 63) and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI 63) will also meet.
Reasons of global warming
There are many reasons for global warming. In these conferences, UNFCCC is trying to address these issues to help the planet to survive longer.
1. Overuse of fossil fuel is a major root cause of global warming. Middle Eastern countries, USA, Russia and China are constantly digging crude oil. Some other countries are digging deeper for coal.
2. All over the planet, deforestation is at its peak. Big companies are cutting down trees to construct roads, factories and residential buildings. This is degrading the soil quality. Hence, it’s resulting in landslide and frequent floods.
3. As the road construction and manufacturing plants are raising, they are also producing greenhouse gas emissions.
4. Electricity production and heat generation also rising the temperature of the planet.
5. Too much use of transportation in the big cities. People also drive to work with only one person in the car. They keep the ignition on when waiting at the red signal. These are big reasons for air pollution.
6. Some people keep the electrical appliances, and water taps on when not in use. This is sheer misuse of resources and adds on to the destruction of the planet.
Why COP29 failed?
COP29 was a big failure for UNFCCC. It extended till 24th November 2024 and failed to make a set promise for global warming. Every year, COP conference end with a new promise and expected to reach it soon. UNO also did not find solutions to the on-going wars.
They set various targets for the developed, developing, and underdeveloped countries based on their capacity. Another major reason for climate crisis is wars. Russia — Ukraine war and Israel — Hamas — Iran war is causing immense greenhouse gas emissions. Lately, Iran also blocked Red Sea for any marine transportation which shattered the global marine transportation business.
We cannot ignore the rift between North and South Korea. Few weeks ago, North Korea fired missiles to destroy the connecting land with South Korea. This political turmoil creates huge stress on the planet and the well-being of the people living in the neighbouring countries. These countries and wars are equally responsible for the climate crisis.